Humorism, or humoralism, was a theory of the makeup and workings of the human body adopted by Greek The first known Greek medical school opened in Cnidus in 700 BC. Alcmaeon, author of the first anatomical work, worked at this school, and it was here that the practice of observing patients was established. Hippocrates established his own medical school at Cos. Despite their known respect for Egyptian medicine, attempts to discern any particular and Roman physicians Ancient Roman medicine combined various techniques using different tools and rituals. Ancient Roman medicine included a number of specializations such as intemistic, ophthalmology and urology. Romans believed in supernatural causes for many diseases and in some supernatural cures . The Romans favoured the prevention of diseases over the cures of and philosophers Greek philosophy focused on the role of reason and inquiry. Many philosophers today concede that Greek philosophy has shaped the entire Western thought since its inception. As Alfred Whitehead once noted, with some exaggeration, "Western philosophy is just a series of footnotes to Plato." Clear, unbroken lines of influence lead from. From Hippocrates Hippocrates of Cos or Hippokrates of Kos - Greek: Ἱπποκράτης; Hippokrátēs was an ancient Greek physician of the Age of Pericles, and was considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine. He is referred to as the Western father of medicine in recognition of his lasting contributions to the field as the founder onward, the humoral theory was adopted by Greek, Roman and Islamic physicians In the history of medicine, Islamic medicine or Arabic medicine refers to medicine developed in the medieval Islamic civilization and written in Arabic, the lingua franca of the Islamic civilization. Despite these names, a significant number of scientists during this period were not Arab. Some consider the label "Arab-Islamic" as, and became the most commonly held view of the human body among European physicians Medieval medicine in Western Europe was composed of a mixture of existing ideas from antiquity, spiritual influences and what Claude Lévi-Strauss identifies as the "shamanistic complex" and "social consensus." In this era, there was no tradition of scientific medicine, and observations went hand-in-hand with spiritual until the advent of modern medical research in the nineteenth century.
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